Like humans, ChatGPT favours examples and ‘memories’ – not rules – to generate language

Published on May 12, 2025

A new study, published in PNAS, led by researchers at the University of Oxford and the Allen Institute for AI (Ai2) has found that large language models (LLMs) – the AI systems behind chatbots like ChatGPT – generalise language patterns in a surprisingly human-like way: through analogy, rather than strict grammatical rules.